{"id":105365,"date":"2025-04-10T05:23:52","date_gmt":"2025-04-10T00:53:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/"},"modified":"2025-04-10T05:23:52","modified_gmt":"2025-04-10T00:53:52","slug":"introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0642\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0627 rspec"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-article-id=\"2395612\" id=\"article-body\">\n<p>\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u06af \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 RSPEC \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u06a9\u06cc\u0645 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u060c \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter-rtl ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%DA%86%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%9F\" >\u0686\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%F0%9F%9B%A0_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%DB%8C%D9%85_RSPEC\" >\ud83d\udee0 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 RSPEC<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87\" >\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%F0%9F%94%8E_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_RSPEC_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF\" >\ud83d\udd0e \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 RSPEC \u062e\u0648\u062f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%87_1_%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%81_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 1: \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%87_2_%D9%81%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 2: \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%F0%9F%94%A5_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%88_RSPEC\" >\ud83d\udd25 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0646\u062d\u0648 RSPEC<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%F0%9F%9A%A6_%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%84%DB%8C_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4_Mnemonic\" >\ud83d\udea6 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0644\u06cc: \u06cc\u06a9 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 Mnemonic<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%BE%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%88_%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%87\" >\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0644\u0628\u0647<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%D9%85%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7\" >\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%D9%85%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C\" >\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AA_%D8%A2%D9%86%DA%86%D9%87_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a: \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%D8%BA%D8%B0%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%DB%8C\" >\u063a\u0630\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/introduction-to-testing-in-ruby-with-rspec-3ki0\/#%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%84_%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF%DB%8C\" >\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%DA%86%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%85%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%9F\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0628\u0647 RSPEC \u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647: \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645: \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062f Refactor \u060c \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc: \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644 \u062a\u06cc\u0645 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a: \u0627\u06af\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0634\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%9B%A0_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%DB%8C%D9%85_RSPEC\"><\/span>\n<p>  \ud83d\udee0 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 RSPEC<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 <strong>rspec<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u062f \u06cc\u0627\u0642\u0648\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>rspec<\/code> \u06af\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<p><code>gem install rspec<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u060c RSPEC \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<p><code>rspec --init<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>\/spec<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 <code>.rspec<\/code> \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 <code>\/spec<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u062f \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 <code>\/lib<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>.\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 lib\n|   \u2514\u2500\u2500 student.rb              # Your Ruby class\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 spec\n    \u2514\u2500\u2500 student_spec.rb         # Your RSpec tests\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%94%8E_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_RSPEC_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \ud83d\udd0e \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 RSPEC \u062e\u0648\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 RSPEC \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%87_1_%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%81_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 1: \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632.rb \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \/lib \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u06a9\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>class Student\n  attr_reader :name, :cookies\n\n  def initialize(name)\n    @name = name\n    @cookies = []\n  end\n\n  def add_cookie(cookie)\n    @cookies &lt;&lt; cookie\n  end\nend\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%87_2_%D9%81%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 2: \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u060c \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 student_spec.rb \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \/SPEC \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>require 'rspec'\nrequire '.\/lib\/student'\n\ndescribe Student do\n  describe '#initialize' do\n    it 'is an instance of Student' do\n      student = Student.new('Penelope')\n      expect(student).to be_a(Student)\n    end\n\n    it 'has a name' do\n      student = Student.new('Penelope')\n      expect(student.name).to eq('Penelope')\n    end\n\n    it 'has an empty cookie array by default' do\n      student = Student.new('Penelope')\n      expect(student.cookies).to eq([])\n    end\n  end\n\n  describe '#add_cookie' do\n    it 'adds a cookie to the cookies array' do\n      student = Student.new('Penelope')\n      student.add_cookie('Chocolate Chip')\n      student.add_cookie('Snickerdoodle')\n\n      expect(student.cookies).to eq(['Chocolate Chip', 'Snickerdoodle'])\n    end\n  end\nend\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%94%A5_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%88_RSPEC\"><\/span>\n<p>  \ud83d\udd25 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0646\u062d\u0648 RSPEC<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a RSPEC \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<p><code>describe<\/code>  \u0628\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0634.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<br \/><code>describe Student do<\/code><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 <code>Student<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><code>it<\/code>  \u0628\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<br \/><code>it has a name do<\/code><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627 <code>expect<\/code>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648<br \/><code>expect(actual).to eq(expected)<\/code><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<br \/><code>expect(student.name).to eq('Penelope')<\/code><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>require 'rspec'\nrequire '.\/lib\/student'\n\ndescribe Student do\n  describe '#initialize' do\n    it 'has a name' do\n      student = Student.new('Penelope')\n      expect(student.name).to eq('Penelope')\n    end\n  end\nend\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%F0%9F%9A%A6_%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%84%DB%8C_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4_Mnemonic\"><\/span>\n<p>  \ud83d\udea6 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0644\u06cc: \u06cc\u06a9 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 Mnemonic<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u060c \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647<\/strong> \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0631\u0641<\/strong>ETUP: \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: <code>student = Student.new('Penelope')<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0634\u0645\u06cc\u0647<\/strong>XECUTION: \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: <code>student.add_cookie('Chocolate Chip')<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0648\u0647\u0627<\/strong>SSertion: \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: <code>expect(student.cookies).to eq(['Chocolate Chip'])<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0631\u0641<\/strong>Eardown: RSPEC \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 Teardown \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%BE%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D9%88_%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%87\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0644\u0628\u0647<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>describe '#initialize' do\n  it 'can have different names' do\n    student1 = Student.new('James')\n    student2 = Student.new('Taylor')\n\n    expect(student1.name).to eq('James')\n    expect(student2.name).to eq('Taylor')\n  end\nend\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>class Student\n  attr_reader :name, :cookies\n\n  def initialize(name)\n    @name = name.is_a?(String) ? name : 'Default Name'\n    @cookies = []\n  end\nend\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0628\u0647:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>it 'assigns a default name if given invalid input' do\n  student = Student.new(42)\n  expect(student.name).to eq('Default Name')\nend\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AA_%D8%A2%D9%86%DA%86%D9%87_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a: \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f!<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>Step 1: Create a Car class\nIn `lib\/car.rb`:\n\nclass Car\n  attr_reader :make, :year\n\n  def initialize(make, year)\n    @make = make\n    @year = year\n  end\n\n  def drive\n    \"Honk Honk!\"\n  end\nend\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 2: \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\u062f\u0631 <code>spec\/car_spec.rb<\/code>:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>require 'rspec'\nrequire '.\/lib\/car'\n\ndescribe Car do\n  describe '#initialize' do\n    it 'creates an instance of Car' do\n      car = Car.new('Toyota', 2020)\n      expect(car).to be_a(Car)\n    end\n\n    it 'has a make and year' do\n      car = Car.new('Honda', 2018)\n      expect(car.make).to eq('Honda')\n      expect(car.year).to eq(2018)\n    end\n  end\n\n  describe '#drive' do\n    it 'returns a driving sound' do\n      car = Car.new('Ford', 2022)\n      expect(car.drive).to eq('Honk Honk!')\n    end\n  end\nend\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>\u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634<\/strong>: \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc 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\u062a\u0627 \u0632\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06a9\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%84_%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc Ruby \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 RSPEC \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f <code>.include<\/code>\u0628\u0627 <code>.be_nil<\/code>\u0648\u062a <code>.be_true<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647:<\/p>\n<p>\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06a9! \ud83c\udfaf<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u06af Turing School \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<br \/>\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u060c X \u0648 LinkedIn -turing_school \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u06af \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 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&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":105366,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[339],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dev"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105365","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=105365"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105365\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/105366"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=105365"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=105365"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=105365"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}