{"id":110267,"date":"2025-05-23T21:34:15","date_gmt":"2025-05-23T17:04:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%87%d9%88%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d8%b1\/"},"modified":"2025-05-23T21:34:15","modified_gmt":"2025-05-23T17:04:15","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%87%d9%88%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%87%d9%88%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a 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class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 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href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%87%d9%88%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d8%b1\/#%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_Superuser_%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 Superuser \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%87%d9%88%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d8%b1\/#%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88\" >\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%87%d9%88%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d8%b1\/#%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85\" >\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%87%d9%88%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d8%b1\/#%D8%A8%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%87%d9%88%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d8%b1\/#%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%87%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3\" >\u0627\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%87%d9%88%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d8%b1\/#%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%88_%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C\" 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href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%87%d9%88%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d8%b1\/#%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7_%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84\" >\u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b7-%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%8c-%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%87%d9%88%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%a7%d8%b1\/#%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84\" >\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0634\u0631\u062d<\/strong><br \/>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0632 SUDO \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648 \u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%88_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%BA%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631:<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><code>sudo su - username<\/code><br \/>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f. \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F7mtx12dn2rryzd8208wd.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"124\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_Superuser_%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 Superuser \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><code>sudo command<\/code><br \/>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a Superuser \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><code>visudo<\/code><br \/>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a * \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f<em>\/\u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\/sudoers *<\/em> \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fxtlg051sqek8gohaflvn.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"107\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><strong><code>alice ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL<\/code><\/strong><br \/>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u06cc\u0633 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u060c \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fjtpug1td8nzylfj0q3a2.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u0639\u06cc\u0628 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<br \/><code>who<\/code><br \/>\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062c\u0627.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fkzz9cdb9zveg1q4qnho5.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"126\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fyl3soh2knrhsrv2922lq.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"108\" title=\"\"><br \/><code>last<\/code><br \/>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\/var\/log\/wtmp \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Ff8sajpfij4tuen2r7jyi.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"124\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Famrfnpcdll9hlbno83dn.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"246\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><code>w<\/code><br \/>\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F5hmcv7pnx82efkghg0q3.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"120\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F5w24aiiyzytnvgq82wf3.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"148\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><code>id<\/code>  \u0639\u0636\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631 UID \u060c GID \u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fpw1mtm9u7vbbozxo0ql7.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"125\" title=\"\"><code>id admin-1<\/code><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Ffps5lw0xdltt0klezdz4.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"92\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A8%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<br \/><code>users<\/code>  \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fbwhhob9dwksgpvyq61vx.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"90\" title=\"\"><br \/><code>wall<\/code>  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u067e\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Flfjgtvavsn0uldwngok2.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"127\" title=\"\"><br \/>`\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0634\u0646\u0628\u0647 25 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 2 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F24r3f96sjusf9gzjnvah.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"89\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><code>write<\/code>  \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 ** Ctrl+D ** \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fx822zkz6r2kubdojszgs.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"122\" title=\"\"><br \/><code>write admin-1<\/code><br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fqi3nw9fd7a6z4xulu0co.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"111\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fph7uel6fp5xmnz7qg7nr.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"778\" height=\"87\" title=\"\"><br \/>\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0645 <code>admin-1<\/code> \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%87%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc: \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \/etc \/passwd \u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0647: \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f LDAP \u06cc\u0627 Active Directory \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%88_%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"table-wrapper-paragraph\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a<\/th>\n<th>\u0634\u0631\u062d<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0698\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u06cc\u062a Red Hat (\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 FreeIPA)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 AD \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>OpenDap<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0632 LDAP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc IBM<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 IBM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u067e\u0631\u0634 \u067e\u0631\u0634<\/td>\n<td>\u0633\u06a9\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>LDAP<\/td>\n<td>\u067e\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648 \u0648 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/p>\n<div class=\"table-wrapper-paragraph\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/th>\n<th>\u0634\u0631\u062d<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7_%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627: \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc GUI \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0647\u0627: \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627: \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>Daemons: \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 (\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c SSHD)<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a: \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644: \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631.<br \/><strong>SystemCtl \/ Service<\/strong> <br \/><code>sudo systemctl status crond<\/code>  \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f (SystemD \u0648 SYSV \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631).<br \/><code>sudo service nginx status<\/code>  &#8211; \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fqym1upkbm7hrl7d4u7y6.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"230\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><code>ps<\/code>  \u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 <code>ps<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fmvvuy0prc3ejpw81552d.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"131\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fe9awsiao48k6csft9he7.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"128\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Flide91y1vd27pfwmd1wx.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"421\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><code>top<\/code>  \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fl97ebu8o6qd5joqqwvjl.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"99\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fcfxfbaekohj372xuty9i.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"481\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><code>kill<\/code>  \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 PID \u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fhpu2ux3jyklzgu5x2s9l.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" title=\"\"><br \/><code>kill process ID<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code>crontab -e<\/code>  \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc (\u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0646) \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. <br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fhcacvaesejtr8g1q2wrv.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"128\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Flpizejhf1043spv0s4ea.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"72\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F6ng9p9inx8e4bc99cg9q.png\" alt=\"\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"112\" title=\"\"><br \/><strong>\u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>0 \u2192 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 (\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 0)<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 17 (\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a 5 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647)<\/li>\n<li>* * * &#8211; \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0647 \u060c \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/li>\n<li>\/home\/student\/backup.sh &#8211; \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627 Ansible \u060c \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a 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