{"id":18411,"date":"2023-04-19T17:06:32","date_gmt":"2023-04-19T13:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/typescript-type-negation-how-to-forbid-certain-properties-42d9\/"},"modified":"2023-04-19T17:06:32","modified_gmt":"2023-04-19T13:36:32","slug":"typescript-type-negation-how-to-forbid-certain-properties-42d9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/typescript-type-negation-how-to-forbid-certain-properties-42d9\/","title":{"rendered":"TypeScript Type Negation: How To Forbid of Disa Properties"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u062f\u0631 TypeScript \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645: \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u06a9 \u0631\u0632\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0645. \u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0698\u0646\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 createItem<\/code> \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0622\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 NoSQL \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f MongoDB\u060c DynamoDB\u060c \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647). \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 NoSQL \u0648 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 (\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 DynamoDB \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a). \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u06cc\u0627 UUID \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

\n
function<\/span> createItem<\/span><<\/span>TItem<\/span> extends<\/span> object<\/span>><\/span>(<\/span>item<\/span>:<\/span> TItem<\/span>):<\/span> TItem<\/span> {<\/span>\n  \/\/ Database sets ID<\/span>\n  const<\/span> newItem<\/span> =<\/span> db<\/span>.<\/span>insert<\/span>(<\/span>item<\/span>);<\/span>\n\n  return<\/span> newItem<\/span>;<\/span>\n}<\/span>\n\n\/\/ Returns object with id { id: \"0d92b425efc9\", name: \"John\", ... }<\/span>\nconst<\/span> user<\/span> =<\/span> createItem<\/span>({<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>John<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> email<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>john@doe.com<\/span>\"<\/span> });<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n
\n    \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    \n<\/svg><\/p>\n
    \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    \n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0631 \u0634\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 NoSQL \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0686\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0634\u06cc\u0626\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f id<\/code> \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u061f<\/p>\n
\n
\/\/ What will happen?<\/span>\n\/\/> Will it create a new item?<\/span>\n\/\/> Will it overwrite the item if it exists?<\/span>\nconst<\/span> user<\/span> =<\/span> createItem<\/span>({<\/span> id<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>0d92b425efc9<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>John<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> email<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>john@doe.com<\/span>\"<\/span> });<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n
\n    \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    \n<\/svg><\/p>\n
    \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    \n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.  \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0686\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 id<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n
\n
function<\/span> createItem<\/span><<\/span>TItem<\/span> extends<\/span> object<\/span>><\/span>(<\/span>item<\/span>:<\/span> TItem<\/span>):<\/span> TItem<\/span> {<\/span>\n  if<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>id<\/span>'<\/span> in<\/span> item<\/span>)<\/span> throw<\/span> new<\/span> Error<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>Item must not contain an ID<\/span>\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n  \/\/ Database sets ID<\/span>\n  const<\/span> newItem<\/span> =<\/span> db<\/span>.<\/span>insert<\/span>(<\/span>item<\/span>);<\/span>\n\n  return<\/span> newItem<\/span>;<\/span>\n}<\/span>\n\n\/\/ Throws an error<\/span>\nconst<\/span> user<\/span> =<\/span> createItem<\/span>({<\/span> id<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>0d92b425efc9<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>John<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> email<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>john@doe.com<\/span>\"<\/span> });<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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\n    \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    \n<\/svg><\/p>\n
    \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    \n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0698\u0646\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 TypeScript \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f id<\/code> \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc.<\/p>\n
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type<\/span> ReservedKeys<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\n  id<\/span>:<\/span> string<\/span>;<\/span>\n}<\/span>\n\nfunction<\/span> createItem<\/span><<\/span>TItem<\/span> extends<\/span> object<\/span>><\/span>(<\/span>\n  item<\/span>:<\/span> TItem<\/span> extends<\/span> ReservedKeys<\/span> ?<\/span> never<\/span> :<\/span> TItem<\/span>\n):<\/span> TItem<\/span> {<\/span>\n  if<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>id<\/span>'<\/span> in<\/span> item<\/span>)<\/span> throw<\/span> new<\/span> Error<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>Item must not contain an ID<\/span>\"<\/span>);<\/span>\n  \/\/ Database sets ID<\/span>\n  const<\/span> newItem<\/span> =<\/span> db<\/span>.<\/span>insert<\/span>(<\/span>item<\/span>);<\/span>\n\n  return<\/span> newItem<\/span>;<\/span>\n}<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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\n    \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    \n<\/svg><\/p>\n
    \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    \n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 a \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 ReservedKeys<\/code> \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f  \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.  \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 TItem extends ReservedKeys<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a TItem<\/code> \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 ReservedKeys<\/code>.  \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645 never<\/code>.<\/p>\n
\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0645.  \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0627 ID \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0686\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f\u061f<\/p>\n
\n
\/\/ What will happen?<\/span>\n\/\/> TypeScript error: Argument of type '{ id: string; name: string; email: string; }' is not assignable to parameter of type 'never'<\/span>\nconst<\/span> user<\/span> =<\/span> createItem<\/span>({<\/span> id<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>0d92b425efc9<\/span>\"<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>John<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> email<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>john@doe.com<\/span>\"<\/span> });<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n
\n    \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    \n<\/svg><\/p>\n
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\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc TypeScript<\/figcaption><\/p>\n
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