{"id":27845,"date":"2023-06-23T06:16:19","date_gmt":"2023-06-23T02:46:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/"},"modified":"2023-06-23T06:16:19","modified_gmt":"2023-06-23T02:46:19","slug":"unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-article-id=\"1513499\" id=\"article-body\">\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a \u0622\u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u0647\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u06af\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><code>sudo apt update<\/code>: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><code>sudo apt upgrade -y<\/code>: \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u067e\u0631\u0686\u0645 &#8216;-y&#8217; \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><code>sudo apt install iproute2<\/code>: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0628 &#8220;iproute2&#8221; \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 TCP\/IP \u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><code>sudo apt install net-tools<\/code>: \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c &#8220;net-tools&#8221; \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u00abifconfig\u00bb \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06a9\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0648\u0634 \u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter-rtl ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/#%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\" >\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/#%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1\" >\u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/#%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D9%84_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7\" >\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u067e\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/#%D8%AD%DA%A9_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\" >\u062d\u06a9 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/#%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B7_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C\" >\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/#%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C\" >\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/#%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%B5_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_IP_%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85\" >\u062a\u062e\u0635\u06cc\u0635 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u06cc IP \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/#%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA\" >\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/#%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_IP_Forwarding\" >\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc IP Forwarding<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/#%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_NAT_%D9%88_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84\" >\u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc NAT \u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0644<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/unveiling-the-mysteries-of-network-management-in-linux-4haj\/#%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AC%D9%87\" >\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0627\u0632-\u0631\u0645\u0632-\u0648-\u0631\u0627\u0632-\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a-\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647-\u062f\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"658\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D9%84_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u067e\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 &#8216;v-bridge&#8217; \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645.  \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 &#8216;v-bridge&#8217; \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 (UP) \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 IP \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ip link add dev v-bridge type bridge\nip link set v-bridge up\nip addr add 192.168.0.1\/24 dev v-bridge\nip addr show dev v-bridge\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/1687488378_979_\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0627\u0632-\u0631\u0645\u0632-\u0648-\u0631\u0627\u0632-\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a-\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647-\u062f\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" alt=\"\u067e\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"163\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AD%DA%A9_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u062d\u06a9 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 &#8220;\u0642\u0631\u0645\u0632&#8221;\u060c &#8220;\u0633\u0628\u0632&#8221; \u0648 &#8220;\u0622\u0628\u06cc&#8221; \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ip netns add red\nip netns add green\nip netns add blue\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a \u0622\u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>ip netns list<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B7_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc (veth) \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0641\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ip link add veth-red-ns type veth peer name veth-red-br\nip link add veth-green-ns type veth peer name veth-green-br\nip link add veth-blue-ns type veth peer name veth-blue-br\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u06cc<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc veth \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0648 &#8216;v-bridge&#8217; \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ip link set dev veth-red-ns netns red\nip link set dev veth-green-ns netns green\nip link set dev veth-blue-ns netns blue\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0648<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ip link set dev veth-red-br master v-bridge\nip link set dev veth-green-br master v-bridge\nip link set dev veth-blue-br master v-bridge\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ip link set dev veth-red-br up\nip link set dev veth-green-br up\nip link set dev veth-blue-br up\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0648<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ip netns exec red ip link set dev veth-red-ns up\n\n\nip netns exec green ip link set dev veth-green-ns up\nip netns exec blue ip link set dev veth-blue-ns up\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%B5_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_IP_%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u062a\u062e\u0635\u06cc\u0635 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u06cc IP \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u06cc IP \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u06cc veth \u062e\u0648\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ip netns exec red ip address add 192.168.0.2\/24 dev veth-red-ns\nip netns exec red ip route add default via 192.168.0.1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0633\u0628\u0632&#8221; \u0648 &#8220;\u0622\u0628\u06cc&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 (192.168.0.1\/24) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ip netns exec red ping -c 2 192.168.0.4\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/1687488379_283_\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0627\u0632-\u0631\u0645\u0632-\u0648-\u0631\u0627\u0632-\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a-\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647-\u062f\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" alt=\"\u067e\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"243\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_IP_Forwarding\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc IP Forwarding<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 IP \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 sysctl &#8216;net.ipv4.ip_forward&#8217; \u0631\u0648\u06cc 1 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f: <code>sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_NAT_%D9%88_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc NAT \u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0644<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 iptables \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc NAT \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 &#8220;enp0s2&#8221; \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f: <code>iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.0\/24 -o enp0s2 -j MASQUERADE<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc NAT \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/1687488379_656_\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0627\u0632-\u0631\u0645\u0632-\u0648-\u0631\u0627\u0632-\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a-\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647-\u062f\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" alt=\"NAT \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"206\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633 IP \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a: <code>ip netns exec red ping -c 2 8.8.8.8<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u067e\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a \u0622\u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 IP \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/1687488379_407_\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc-\u0627\u0632-\u0631\u0645\u0632-\u0648-\u0631\u0627\u0632-\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a-\u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647-\u062f\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" alt=\"\u067e\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"282\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AC%D9%87\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u060c \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 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\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0645.  \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 IP\u060c \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc NAT \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642 \u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0645.  \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a \u0622\u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u0647\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0648\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u06af\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a: sudo apt update: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[339],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27845","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dev"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27845","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27845"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27845\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27845"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}