{"id":89908,"date":"2024-12-26T07:54:58","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T04:24:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/"},"modified":"2024-12-26T07:54:58","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T04:24:58","slug":"%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f MySQL \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-article-id=\"2174789\" id=\"article-body\">\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F2dmglp9a10hqmr49ep6o.png\" alt=\"\u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"512\" height=\"512\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter-rtl ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%87\" >\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#1_%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >1. \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AD%D8%AF_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#2_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C\" >2. \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u0631\u0645\u06cc<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%88_%D8%AC%D9%88\" >\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B5_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%86%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B5_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#3_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%88_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_SQL_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >3. \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc SQL \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%87_%D9%88_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D8%B2_EXPLAIN_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 EXPLAIN \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%B2_SELECT\" >\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0632 SELECT *<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#4_Join_%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >4. Join \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8_%D8%AF%D8%B1_Join_Columns_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631 Join Columns \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#NINER_JOIN_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D9%87_OUTER_JOIN_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%AD_%D8%AF%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >NINER JOIN \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 OUTER JOIN \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#5_%D8%A7%D8%B2_Caching_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >5. \u0627\u0632 Caching \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#Query_Cache\" >Query Cache<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D9%87_%D9%BE%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7_Redis_%DB%8C%D8%A7_Memcached_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0627 Redis \u06cc\u0627 Memcached \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#6_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%88_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF\" >6. \u067e\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%82%DB%8C\" >\u067e\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0642\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF\" >\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#7_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%88_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF\" >7. \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4_%D8%A2%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%88_%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0622\u0647\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >\u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87-%d9%85%db%8c-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c%d8%af-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af-mysql-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%87\/#%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AC%D9%87_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C\" >\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%87\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u060c MySQL \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0636\u0639\u06cc\u0641 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f MySQL \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e\u06af\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  1. \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0628 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f MySQL \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"c1\">-- Instead of using VARCHAR(255) for a country code:<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"k\">TABLE<\/span> <span class=\"n\">countries<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">country_code<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">CHAR<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span> <span class=\"c1\">-- Fixed size, more efficient<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">name<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">VARCHAR<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">100<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"c1\">-- Example: Normalized design<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"k\">TABLE<\/span> <span class=\"n\">authors<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">author_id<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">INT<\/span> <span class=\"n\">AUTO_INCREMENT<\/span> <span class=\"k\">PRIMARY<\/span> <span class=\"k\">KEY<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">name<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">VARCHAR<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">100<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"k\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"k\">TABLE<\/span> <span class=\"n\">books<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">book_id<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">INT<\/span> <span class=\"n\">AUTO_INCREMENT<\/span> <span class=\"k\">PRIMARY<\/span> <span class=\"k\">KEY<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">title<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">VARCHAR<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">100<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">author_id<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">INT<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\n    <span class=\"k\">FOREIGN<\/span> <span class=\"k\">KEY<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">author_id<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span> <span class=\"k\">REFERENCES<\/span> <span class=\"n\">authors<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">author_id<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AD%D8%AF_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"c1\">-- Example: Denormalized table for fast reads<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"k\">TABLE<\/span> <span class=\"n\">book_details<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">book_id<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">INT<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">title<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">VARCHAR<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">100<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">author_name<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">VARCHAR<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">100<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  2. \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u0631\u0645\u06cc<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u0633 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%88_%D8%AC%D9%88\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"c1\">-- Example: Adding an index to a frequently queried column<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"k\">INDEX<\/span> <span class=\"n\">idx_author_name<\/span> <span class=\"k\">ON<\/span> <span class=\"n\">authors<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">name<\/span><span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B5_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%86%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"c1\">-- Example: Composite index for multi-column queries<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"k\">INDEX<\/span> <span class=\"n\">idx_book_author<\/span> <span class=\"k\">ON<\/span> <span class=\"n\">books<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">title<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">author_id<\/span><span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B5_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%88_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_SQL_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  3. \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc SQL \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%87_%D9%88_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D8%B2_EXPLAIN_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 EXPLAIN \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 <code>EXPLAIN<\/code> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 MySQL \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"k\">EXPLAIN<\/span> <span class=\"k\">SELECT<\/span> <span class=\"o\">*<\/span> <span class=\"k\">FROM<\/span> <span class=\"n\">books<\/span> <span class=\"k\">WHERE<\/span> <span class=\"n\">title<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'Optimization Guide'<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%B2_SELECT\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0632 SELECT *<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"c1\">-- Avoid:<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">SELECT<\/span> <span class=\"o\">*<\/span> <span class=\"k\">FROM<\/span> <span class=\"n\">books<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"c1\">-- Use:<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">SELECT<\/span> <span class=\"n\">title<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">author_id<\/span> <span class=\"k\">FROM<\/span> <span class=\"n\">books<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0633\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>LIMIT<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"k\">SELECT<\/span> <span class=\"n\">title<\/span> <span class=\"k\">FROM<\/span> <span class=\"n\">books<\/span> <span class=\"k\">LIMIT<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Join_%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  4. Join \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8_%D8%AF%D8%B1_Join_Columns_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631 Join Columns \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"c1\">-- Adding indexes to join columns<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"k\">INDEX<\/span> <span class=\"n\">idx_author_id<\/span> <span class=\"k\">ON<\/span> <span class=\"n\">books<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">author_id<\/span><span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NINER_JOIN_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D9%87_OUTER_JOIN_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%AD_%D8%AF%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  NINER JOIN \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 OUTER JOIN \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><code>INNER JOIN<\/code>  \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"c1\">-- Example: INNER JOIN<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">SELECT<\/span> <span class=\"n\">books<\/span><span class=\"p\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">title<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">authors<\/span><span class=\"p\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">name<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">FROM<\/span> <span class=\"n\">books<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">INNER<\/span> <span class=\"k\">JOIN<\/span> <span class=\"n\">authors<\/span> <span class=\"k\">ON<\/span> <span class=\"n\">books<\/span><span class=\"p\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">author_id<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">authors<\/span><span class=\"p\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">author_id<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%D8%A7%D8%B2_Caching_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  5. \u0627\u0632 Caching \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Query_Cache\"><\/span>\n<p>  Query Cache<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u06a9\u0634 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc MySQL \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"k\">SET<\/span> <span class=\"k\">GLOBAL<\/span> <span class=\"n\">query_cache_size<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1048576<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span> <span class=\"c1\">-- Set cache size<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">SET<\/span> <span class=\"k\">GLOBAL<\/span> <span class=\"n\">query_cache_type<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span> <span class=\"c1\">-- Enable query cache<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D9%87_%D9%BE%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7_Redis_%DB%8C%D8%A7_Memcached_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0627 Redis \u06cc\u0627 Memcached \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u060c \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u0634 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight python\"><code><span class=\"c1\"># Example: Caching in Python using Redis\n<\/span><span class=\"kn\">import<\/span> <span class=\"n\">redis<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"n\">r<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">redis<\/span><span class=\"p\">.<\/span><span class=\"nc\">StrictRedis<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">host<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"sh\">'<\/span><span class=\"s\">localhost<\/span><span class=\"sh\">'<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">port<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">6379<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">decode_responses<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"bp\">True<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"n\">query_key<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"sh\">'<\/span><span class=\"s\">books_all<\/span><span class=\"sh\">'<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"k\">if<\/span> <span class=\"ow\">not<\/span> <span class=\"n\">r<\/span><span class=\"p\">.<\/span><span class=\"nf\">exists<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">query_key<\/span><span class=\"p\">):<\/span>\n    <span class=\"c1\"># Fetch from MySQL\n<\/span>    <span class=\"n\">books<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">fetch_books_from_mysql<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">r<\/span><span class=\"p\">.<\/span><span class=\"nf\">set<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">query_key<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">books<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"n\">ex<\/span><span class=\"o\">=<\/span><span class=\"mi\">3600<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"c1\"># Cache for 1 hour\n<\/span><span class=\"k\">else<\/span><span class=\"p\">:<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">books<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">r<\/span><span class=\"p\">.<\/span><span class=\"nf\">get<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">query_key<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%88_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  6. \u067e\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%82%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u067e\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0642\u06cc<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"c1\">-- Example: Partitioning by range<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"k\">TABLE<\/span> <span class=\"n\">sales<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">sale_id<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">INT<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">sale_date<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">DATE<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">amount<\/span> <span class=\"nb\">DECIMAL<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">,<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"p\">)<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">PARTITION<\/span> <span class=\"k\">BY<\/span> <span class=\"k\">RANGE<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"nb\">YEAR<\/span><span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"n\">sale_date<\/span><span class=\"p\">))<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span>\n    <span class=\"k\">PARTITION<\/span> <span class=\"n\">p0<\/span> <span class=\"k\">VALUES<\/span> <span class=\"k\">LESS<\/span> <span class=\"k\">THAN<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2000<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span>\n    <span class=\"k\">PARTITION<\/span> <span class=\"n\">p1<\/span> <span class=\"k\">VALUES<\/span> <span class=\"k\">LESS<\/span> <span class=\"k\">THAN<\/span> <span class=\"p\">(<\/span><span class=\"mi\">2010<\/span><span class=\"p\">),<\/span>\n    <span class=\"k\">PARTITION<\/span> <span class=\"n\">p2<\/span> <span class=\"k\">VALUES<\/span> <span class=\"k\">LESS<\/span> <span class=\"k\">THAN<\/span> <span class=\"k\">MAXVALUE<\/span>\n<span class=\"p\">);<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06af<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0641\u0642\u06cc.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%88_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  7. \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4_%D8%A2%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D9%88_%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0622\u0647\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"k\">SET<\/span> <span class=\"k\">GLOBAL<\/span> <span class=\"n\">slow_query_log<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"s1\">'ON'<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">SET<\/span> <span class=\"k\">GLOBAL<\/span> <span class=\"n\">long_query_time<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">2<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span> <span class=\"c1\">-- Log queries taking more than 2 seconds<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f MySQL \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight sql\"><code><span class=\"k\">SELECT<\/span> <span class=\"o\">*<\/span> <span class=\"k\">FROM<\/span> <span class=\"n\">performance_schema<\/span><span class=\"p\">.<\/span><span class=\"n\">events_statements_summary_by_digest<\/span>\n<span class=\"k\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"k\">BY<\/span> <span class=\"n\">SUM_TIMER_WAIT<\/span> <span class=\"k\">DESC<\/span> <span class=\"k\">LIMIT<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">10<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AC%D9%87_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0647\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f MySQL \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648 \u0648 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u060c MySQL \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0636\u0639\u06cc\u0641 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":89909,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=1000,height=500,fit=cover,gravity=auto,format=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F5bcl1kbjz3ec5xalyfc0.png","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[339],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-89908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dev"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89908","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89908"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89908\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/89909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89908"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89908"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=89908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}