{"id":97589,"date":"2025-02-15T12:39:47","date_gmt":"2025-02-15T09:09:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/"},"modified":"2025-02-15T12:39:47","modified_gmt":"2025-02-15T09:09:47","slug":"%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 101: \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a 3 &#8211; 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plaintext\"><code>user@host-name:~$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 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class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter-rtl ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9\" 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href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1_root\" >\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 root<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81\" >\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#1_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C\" >1. \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#2_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87\" >2. \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#3_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1_root\" >3 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 root<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#4_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C\" >4. \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#%D8%AA%D8%BA%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1\" >\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9\" >\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86\" >\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B9_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3\" >\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#1_PWD_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%BE\" >1 PWD (\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u067e)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#2_%D9%84%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA\" >2 \u0644\u0633 (\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#3_ls_-a_%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%87%D9%85%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86\" >3 ls -a (\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#4_ls_-l_%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AA_%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C\" >4 ls -l (\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#5_ls_-al_%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%87%D9%85%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AA_%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C\" >5 ls -al (\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#6_%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%BA%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA\" >6 \u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc (\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#7_%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86\" >7 \u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc .. (\u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#8_CD_%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87\" >8 CD (\u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#9_%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%A2%D8%AE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA\" >9 \u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc (\u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#10_%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C\" >10 \u0645\u0643\u062f\u06cc\u0631 (\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#11_%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C\" >11 \u0644\u0645\u0633 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 (\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#12_rmdir_%D8%AD%D8%B0%D9%81_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C\" >12 rmdir (\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#13_RM_%D8%AD%D8%B0%D9%81_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7\" >13 RM (\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#14_rm_-r_%D8%AD%D8%B0%D9%81_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8\" >14 rm -r (\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#15_CP_%DA%A9%D9%BE%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7\" >15 CP (\u06a9\u067e\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#16_CP_-r_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%BE%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DA%AF%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C\" >16 CP -r (\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u067e\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#17_MV_%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%BA%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7\" >17 MV (\u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#18_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%88_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87\" >18 \u06af\u0631\u0628\u0647 (\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#19_%DA%A9%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87\" >19. \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#20_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF_less\" >20 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f less)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#21_LSHW_%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1\" >21 LSHW (\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#22_%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_-h_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D9%87_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\" >22. \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 -h (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#23_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA_Superuser\" >23. \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627 (\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a Superuser)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#24_%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF_%E2%80%93_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1\" >24 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f &#8211; (\u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#25_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE%DA%86%D9%87_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86\" >25 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e (\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#26_ctrlc_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B9\" >26. ctrl+c (\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0639)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#27_CtrlShiftV_%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84\" >27. Ctrl+Shift+V (\u0686\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3-101-%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%aa-3-%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2%da%af%d8%b4%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86\/#%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-2\" >\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>user@host-name:current-directory$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u06a9\u062c\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<code>user<\/code>: <strong>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc<\/strong> \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647.<\/li>\n<li>\n<code>host-name<\/code>: <strong>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 (\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f).<\/li>\n<li>\n<code>current-directory<\/code>: <strong>\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc<\/strong> \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. tilde (<code>~<\/code>) \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\n<code>$<\/code>: \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a (\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>#<\/code>\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 <strong>\u062c\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 <strong>\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u060c \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>john@ubuntu-server:~$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<strong>\u062c\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong>\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/strong> \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong>~<\/strong> (Tilde) \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u06a9\u0647 <code>\/home\/john\/<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1_root\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 root<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <strong>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/strong> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f <code>#<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc <code>$<\/code>\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 root \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f <strong>\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/strong> \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>root@ubuntu-server:~#\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<strong>\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0647<\/strong> Superuser (\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631) \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong>\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631<\/strong> \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong>~<\/strong> \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 root (<code>\/root\/<\/code>).<\/li>\n<li>\n<code>#<\/code>  \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  1. \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f <strong>\u062c\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a <code>\/home\/john\/<\/code>\u060c \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>john@ubuntu-server:~$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<strong>~<\/strong> \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f <code>\/home\/john\/<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87\"><\/span>\n<p>  2. \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 <strong>\u062c\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f <code>\/home\/john\/Documents\/<\/code>\u060c \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>john@ubuntu-server:\/home\/john\/Documents$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<code>\/home\/john\/Documents<\/code>  \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1_root\"><\/span>\n<p>  3 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 root<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 <strong>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>\/etc<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u060c \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>root@ubuntu-server:\/etc#\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<code>\/etc<\/code>  \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  4. \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 <strong>\u062c\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>\/var\/log\/<\/code>\u060c \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0647:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>john@ubuntu-server:\/var\/log$\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<code>\/var\/log<\/code>  \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%AA%D8%BA%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc (\u062c\u0627\u0646) \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>John@ubuntu-server: ~ $<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc (\u062c\u0627\u0646) \u062f\u0631 <code>\/etc\/<\/code> \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>\u062c\u0627\u0646@\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648-\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631:\/\u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647 $<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 root (root) \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>root@ubuntu-server: ~#<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 root (root) \u062f\u0631 <code>\/var\/log\/<\/code> \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 root@ubuntu:\/var\/log#<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d <strong>\u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 PS1<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<strong><code>PS1<\/code><\/strong>: \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639.<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong>\u0631\u0646\u06af<\/strong>: \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u060c \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong>\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/strong>: \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0647 GIT \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>~\/.bashrc<\/code> \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>PS1=\"\\u@\\h:\\w$ \"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<strong><code>user<\/code><\/strong>: \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc.<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong><code>hostname<\/code><\/strong>: \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong><code>current-directory<\/code><\/strong>: \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u06af \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645!<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B9_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <strong>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/strong> \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>cat \/etc\/os-release\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_PWD_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%BE\"><\/span>\n<p>  1 <strong>PWD<\/strong> (\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u067e)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>pwd<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>pwd\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>\/home\/user\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 <code>\/home\/user<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%D9%84%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA\"><\/span>\n<p>  2 <strong>\u0644\u0633<\/strong> (\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>ls<\/code> \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. <\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ls\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>Documents  Pictures  Music\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_ls_-a_%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%87%D9%85%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86\"><\/span>\n<p>  3 <strong>ls -a<\/strong> (\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>-a<\/code> \u067e\u0631\u0686\u0645 \u0628\u0627 <code>ls<\/code> \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 <strong>\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 <strong>\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646<\/strong> (\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f <code>.<\/code>).<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ls -a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>.  ..  .bashrc  Documents  Pictures  Music\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 <code>.<\/code> \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u060c \u0648 <code>..<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_ls_-l_%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AA_%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  4 <strong>ls -l<\/strong> (\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>-l<\/code> \u067e\u0631\u0686\u0645 \u0628\u0627 <code>ls<\/code> \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u06cc\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ls -l\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>-rw-r--r-- 1 user user  2324 Feb 15 12:34 example.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f <code>example.txt<\/code> \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_ls_-al_%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%87%D9%85%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%A7_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AA_%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  5 <strong>ls -al<\/strong> (\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>-al<\/code> \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>-a<\/code> \u0648\u062a <code>-l<\/code> \u067e\u0631\u0686\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>ls -al\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>drwxr-xr-x  2 user user 4096 Feb 15 12:34 Documents\n-rw-r--r--  1 user user  2324 Feb 15 12:34 .bashrc\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f!<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%BA%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA\"><\/span>\n<p>  6 <strong>\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc<\/strong> (\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>cd<\/code> \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <strong>\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/strong> \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>cd Documents\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 <code>Documents<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86\"><\/span>\n<p>  7 <strong>\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc ..<\/strong> (\u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>cd ..<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a <strong>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u06cc\u0646<\/strong> (\u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627).<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>cd ..\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <code>\/home\/user\/Documents<\/code> \u0628\u0647 <code>\/home\/user<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_CD_%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87\"><\/span>\n<p>  8 <strong>CD<\/strong> (\u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>cd ~<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062f <strong>\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/strong>\u0628\u0634\u0631 <\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>cd ~\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 <code>\/home\/user<\/code>\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u06a9\u062c\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%A2%D8%AE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA\"><\/span>\n<p>  9 <strong>\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc<\/strong> (\u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>cd -<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 <strong>\u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a<\/strong> \u062a\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u06cc<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>cd -\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  10 <strong>\u0645\u0643\u062f\u06cc\u0631<\/strong> (\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>mkdir<\/code> \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <strong>\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/strong>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>mkdir new_folder\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>new_folder<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF_%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  11 <strong>\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/strong> (\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>touch<\/code> \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <strong>\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc<\/strong> \u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>touch newfile.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>newfile.txt<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_rmdir_%D8%AD%D8%B0%D9%81_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  12 <strong>rmdir<\/strong> (\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>rmdir<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <strong>\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc<\/strong>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>rmdir new_folder\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>new_folder<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"13_RM_%D8%AD%D8%B0%D9%81_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7\"><\/span>\n<p>  13 <strong>RM<\/strong> (\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>rm<\/code> \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <strong>\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/strong> \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>rm file.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>file.txt<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"14_rm_-r_%D8%AD%D8%B0%D9%81_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8\"><\/span>\n<p>  14 <strong>rm -r<\/strong> (\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>-r<\/code> \u067e\u0631\u0686\u0645 \u0628\u0627 <code>rm<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc<\/strong>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>rm -r folder\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>folder<\/code> \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"15_CP_%DA%A9%D9%BE%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7\"><\/span>\n<p>  15 <strong>CP<\/strong> (\u06a9\u067e\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>cp<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u067e\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>cp source.txt destination.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u0647\u0627 <code>source.txt<\/code> \u0628\u0647 <code>destination.txt<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"16_CP_-r_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%BE%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DA%AF%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C\"><\/span>\n<p>  16 <strong>CP -r<\/strong> (\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u067e\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>-r<\/code> \u067e\u0631\u0686\u0645 \u0628\u0627 <code>cp<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u067e\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>cp -r source_folder destination_folder\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u0647\u0627 <code>source_folder<\/code> \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 <code>destination_folder<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"17_MV_%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%BA%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7\"><\/span>\n<p>  17 <strong>MV<\/strong> (\u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>mv<\/code> \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 <strong>\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645<\/strong> \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>mv oldfile.txt newfile.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>oldfile.txt<\/code> \u0628\u0647 <code>newfile.txt<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"18_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%88_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87\"><\/span>\n<p>  18 <strong>\u06af\u0631\u0628\u0647<\/strong> (\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>cat<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>cat file.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>file.txt<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"19_%DA%A9%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87\"><\/span>\n<p>  19. <strong>\u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/strong> (\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>less<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>less longfile.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f <code>longfile.txt<\/code> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"20_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF_less\"><\/span>\n<p>  20 <strong>\u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631<\/strong> (\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f <code>less<\/code>)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>more<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 <code>less<\/code>\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u062c\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>more longfile.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>longfile.txt<\/code> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21_LSHW_%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B3%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1\"><\/span>\n<p>  21 <strong>LSHW<\/strong> (\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>lshw<\/code> Command \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>sudo lshw\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f CPU \u060c RAM \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22_%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_-h_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D9%87_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85_%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  22. <strong>\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 -h<\/strong> (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>free -h<\/code> Command \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>free -h\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f RAM Total \u060c RAM \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 RAM \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"23_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA_Superuser\"><\/span>\n<p>  23. <strong>\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627<\/strong> (\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a Superuser)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>sudo<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a Superuser (root)<\/strong>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>sudo apt update\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>apt update<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u060c \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"24_%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF_%E2%80%93_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1\"><\/span>\n<p>  24 <strong>\u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f &#8211;<\/strong> (\u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>su -<\/code> \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <strong>\u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 root \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>su -\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"25_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE%DA%86%D9%87_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86\"><\/span>\n<p>  25 <strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e<\/strong> (\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>history<\/code> Command \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>history\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"26_ctrlc_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B9\"><\/span>\n<p>  26. <strong>ctrl+c<\/strong> (\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0639)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>Ctrl+C<\/code> \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <strong>\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0648<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>(Running a command that takes too long?)\nPress `Ctrl+C` to stop it.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"27_CtrlShiftV_%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84\"><\/span>\n<p>  27. <strong>Ctrl+Shift+V<\/strong> (\u0686\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644)<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>Ctrl+Shift+V<\/code> \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f <strong>\u062e\u0645\u06cc\u0631<\/strong> \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u067e \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>(You copied a command from the internet)\nPress `Ctrl+Shift+V` to paste it in your terminal.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr\/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86-2\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f! \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u062a \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a &#8211; \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f!<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u06a9\u0627\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06a9!<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p>\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u061f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f! \ud83d\udee0<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u06af \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f! \ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u067e\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 _himanshubhatt1 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f: user@host-name:~$ \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0648 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":97590,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=1000,height=500,fit=cover,gravity=auto,format=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fpsf80dpc3r75q3xfcnnn.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[339],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-97589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dev"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97589","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97589"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97589\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/97590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=97589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}