{"id":97712,"date":"2025-02-16T09:01:38","date_gmt":"2025-02-16T05:31:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b\/"},"modified":"2025-02-16T09:01:38","modified_gmt":"2025-02-16T05:31:38","slug":"do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u0627 tla+ pt.1 \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-article-id=\"2281636\" id=\"article-body\">\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter-rtl ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b\/#%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%87\" >\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b\/#Inrotuction_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86\" >Inrotuction \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0646+<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b\/#%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1_TLA\" >\u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 TLA+<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b\/#%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9_%D9%88_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7\" >\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b\/#%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84\" >\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b\/#%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1\" >\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b\/#%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84\" >\u0645\u062f\u0644<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b\/#%D8%B3%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%AF\" >\u0633\u062e\u062a \u0645\u0631\u06af<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/do-not-die-hard-with-tla-pt1-5d4b\/#%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9\" >\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%87\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc Concpectus \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 &#8220;\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 TLA+&#8221; \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0637\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0648\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>TLA + \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc LTL \u0648 CTL \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u06af \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Inrotuction_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86\"><\/span>\n<p>  Inrotuction \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0646+<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>tla+ \u06cc\u06a9 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc <strong>\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/strong> (\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062f) \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627 (\u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647) \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>TLC &#8211; \u0686\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u061b<\/li>\n<li>TLAPS &#8211; \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a TLA+ \u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 TLA+ &#8211; IDE.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>TLA+ \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <strong>\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/strong> \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0637\u062d \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646. TLA+ \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 <strong>\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d <strong>\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc<\/strong> \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 <strong>\u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632<\/strong> \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u06a9\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>opencomrtos \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a [3] \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0632 TLA+ \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f [4]\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u060c TLA+ \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f <strong>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u06a9\u0631<\/strong> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 <strong>\u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/strong> \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc TLA+ \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. TLA+ \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u062a\u0631 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639 &#8211; \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 TLA+ \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0639\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u060c \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 TLA+ \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0635\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 AWS \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f [5]\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a &#8220;\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647&#8221; \u0634\u0631\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. [6]\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a <em>\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a<\/em>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a-\u0645\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>TLA+ \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062a\u0631 \u060c \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u062f. \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f (\u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0644\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f).<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc TLA+ \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a: \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u06af\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u060c \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06af\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0647-\u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u06af\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a (\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a).<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 &#8211; \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 &#8211; \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a &#8211; \u0648\u0627\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 &#8211; \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 TLA+ \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 &#8211; [what the variables are] \u0648\u062a [their possible initial values]\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u0686\u0647 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f &#8211; \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 &#8211; \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0637\u062d \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0648 TLA+ \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1_TLA\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 TLA+<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>TLA+ \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f <code>C<\/code> \u0631\u0645\u0632<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight c\"><code><span class=\"kt\">int<\/span> <span class=\"n\">i<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\n<span class=\"kt\">void<\/span> <span class=\"nf\">main<\/span><span class=\"p\">()<\/span>\n<span class=\"p\">{<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">i<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">someNumber<\/span><span class=\"p\">();<\/span>\n    <span class=\"n\">i<\/span> <span class=\"o\">=<\/span> <span class=\"n\">i<\/span> <span class=\"o\">+<\/span> <span class=\"mi\">1<\/span><span class=\"p\">;<\/span>\n<span class=\"p\">}<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 TLA+ \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062c\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0627 (\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627) \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>i<\/code> \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>pc<\/code> \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<code>pc = \"start\"<\/code>  = <code>i = someNumber();<\/code>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<code>pc = \"middle\"<\/code>  = <code>i = i + 1;<\/code>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<code>pc = \"done\"<\/code>  = \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>someNumber()<\/code> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <code>[0:1000]<\/code> \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <em>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc<\/em> \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 <em>\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631<\/em> \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a <strong>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644<\/strong> \u0627\u0632 <code>C<\/code> \u06a9\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u060c \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647: <code>(i = 0) \/\\ (pc = \"start\")<\/code>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc:\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>\\\/    \/\\ pc = \"start\"\n      \/\\ i' \\in 0..1000\n      \/\\ pc' = \"middle\"\n\\\/    \/\\ pc = \"middle\"\n      \/\\ i' = i + 1\n      \/\\ pc' = \"done\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u0622\u0645\u062f \u060c \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0639\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>A == \/\\ pc = \"start\"\n     \/\\ i' \\in 0..1000\n     \/\\ pc' = \"middle\"\n\nB == \/\\ pc = \"middle\"\n     \/\\ i' = i + 1\n     \/\\ pc' = \"done\"\n\nNext == A \\\/ B\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f <em>\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc<\/em> \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f <em>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc<\/em> \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a <code>A<\/code> \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f <code>i<\/code> \u0648 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc <code>pc<\/code> \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>p'<\/code>\u0628\u0627 <code>B<\/code> \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f <code>i<\/code> \u0648 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9_%D9%88_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0632 TLA+\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 TLC \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>TLC \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062a\u0631 \u060c TLC \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <em>\u0645\u062f\u0644<\/em> \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc TLC <strong>\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u062a<\/strong> \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f \u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc TLC <strong>\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0647<\/strong> \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>TLA+ \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<br \/>tlaps (<code>TLA<\/code> \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a) \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u060c \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d <em>\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646<\/em> (\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a) \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 <code>.tla<\/code> \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0631 <code>TLA<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0647 TLC \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0635\u0631\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a (\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f).<\/li>\n<li>\u0686\u0647 TLC \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<strong>\u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong>\u062a\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0645  <code>Init and [][Next]_{vars}\u00a0and F<\/code>\u060c \u06a9\u062c\u0627\n<ul>\n<li>\n<code>Init<\/code> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u061b<\/li>\n<li>\n<code>Next<\/code> \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u061b<\/li>\n<li>\n<code>vars<\/code> \u062a\u067e\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062a <code>F<\/code> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u060c TLC \u0641\u0631\u0636\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 TLC \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<strong>\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u062a<\/strong> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0641 <em>\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u062a<\/em> \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u062e \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong>\u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631<\/strong> -\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a-\u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u062e \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\n<strong>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635<\/strong> -TLC \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f (\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f) \u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644-logic \u0645\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%84\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u062f\u0644<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a TLA+ \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u060c \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u060c \u062a\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f (\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631). \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 TLC \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 TLA+\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f  <code>{p1, p2, p3\\}<\/code>  \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc  <code>Proc<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f  <code>p+1<\/code> \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634  <code>p<\/code> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c TLC \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u060c \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc  <code>Proc<\/code>  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f TLC \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: <code>NotANat == CHOOSE n : n \\notin Nat<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f  <code>NotANat<\/code>  \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. TLC \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u06cc \u062d\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0632 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f  <code>CHOOSE<\/code>  \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 TLC \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f  <code>NotANat<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a  <code>NotANat<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062c\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 TLA+ \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f:<br \/><code>NotANat == CHOOSE n: ~(n \\in Nat)<\/code>\u060c \u06a9\u062c\u0627 <code>Nat<\/code> \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u060c \u0648 <code>NotANat<\/code> \u0648\u062a <code>n<\/code> \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u06a9\u0631\u062f: \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a  <code>T<\/code>  \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u0648\u062f  <code>T_<\/code> \u0628\u0634\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f <code>Val<\/code> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 <code>Val<\/code> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b a \u0627\u0633\u062a <em>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/em> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631. TLC \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>{v1, v2, v3}<\/code> \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc <code>Val<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 <em>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647<\/em> \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 TLC \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u062f <code>3!<\/code>\u060c \u06cc\u0627 <code>6<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>TLC \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0627\u064b \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u060c \u067e\u0633 TLC \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a <em>\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646<\/em> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 <code>S<\/code> \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 <code>S<\/code> \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 <code>{{v1, v2}, {v1, v3}, {v2, v3}}<\/code> \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>{v1, v2, v3}<\/code> &#8211; \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u062a\u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636 <code>v1<\/code> \u0648\u062a <code>v3<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>{{v3, v2}, {v3, v1}, {v2, v1}}<\/code>\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>S<\/code> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>S<\/code> \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>{v1, v2, v3}<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f <code>v1<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 TLA+ \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>CHOOSE<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a <code>CHOOSE x \\in {v1, v2, v3} : TRUE<\/code> \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a <code>{v1, v2, v3}<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0634\u0648\u062f TLC \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u060c \u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D8%B3%D8%AE%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%AF\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0645\u0631\u06af<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Die Hard \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u06a9\u0634\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1988 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0635\u062d\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0645\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062d\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc 4 \u06af\u0627\u0644\u0646 \u0622\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc 3 \u0648 5 \u06af\u0627\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u062d \u060c \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f: &#8220;\u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u06a9\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u062e\u062a&#8221; \u062f\u0631 YouTube \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 TLA+\u062d\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch\u061fv=2vdf6nasmie\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch\u061fv=2vdf6nasmie<\/a><br \/>\n<\/iframe>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 <code>small<\/code> \u0648\u062a <code>big<\/code> \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06af\u0627\u0644\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/assets.dev.to\/assets\/katex-7b986a08a52ed11e0e3379cd9c4bb3ccb187f09c249a1de099b16c423e34bb76.css\"\/>\n<p><span class=\"katex-element\"><br \/>\n  <span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo fence=\"true\">[<\/mo><mtable rowspacing=\"0.16em\" columnalign=\"center center center\" columnspacing=\"1em\"><mtr><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mi>s<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><mi>a<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mtext>\u00a0<\/mtext><mi>b<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>g<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mtext>\u00a0<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><\/mtr><\/mtable><mo fence=\"true\">]<\/mo><\/mrow><mo>\u2192<\/mo><mrow><mo fence=\"true\">[<\/mo><mtable rowspacing=\"0.16em\" columnalign=\"center center center\" columnspacing=\"1em\"><mtr><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mi>s<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><mi>a<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mn>3<\/mn><mtext>\u00a0<\/mtext><mi>b<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>g<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mtext>\u00a0<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><\/mtr><\/mtable><mo fence=\"true\">]<\/mo><\/mrow><mo>\u2192<\/mo><mrow><mo fence=\"true\">[<\/mo><mtable rowspacing=\"0.16em\" columnalign=\"center center center\" columnspacing=\"1em\"><mtr><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mi>s<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><mi>a<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mn>0<\/mn><mtext>\u00a0<\/mtext><mi>b<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>g<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mn>3<\/mn><mtext>\u00a0<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><\/mtr><\/mtable><mo fence=\"true\">]<\/mo><\/mrow><mo>\u2192<\/mo><mrow><mo fence=\"true\">[<\/mo><mtable rowspacing=\"0.16em\" columnalign=\"center center center\" columnspacing=\"1em\"><mtr><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mi>s<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><mi>a<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mn>3<\/mn><mtext>\u00a0<\/mtext><mi>b<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>g<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><mtd><mstyle scriptlevel=\"0\" displaystyle=\"false\"><mrow><mn>3<\/mn><mtext>\u00a0<\/mtext><\/mrow><\/mstyle><\/mtd><\/mtr><\/mtable><mo fence=\"true\">]<\/mo><\/mrow><mo>\u2192<\/mo><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/mi><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/mi><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\"><\/p>\n<p>  \\ \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 {bmatrix} \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0648 0 \\ big &#038; 0 \\ \\ end {bmatrix} \\ rightarrow \\ start {bmatrix} \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0648 3 \\ big &#038; 0 \\ end {bmatrix} \\ rightarrow \\ {bmatrix} small &#038; 0 \\ big \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af &#038; 3 \\ \\ end {bmatrix} \\ RightArrow \\ \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 {bmatrix} \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0648 3 \\ big &#038; 3 \\ \\ end {bmatrix} \\ rightarrow &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height:1.2em;vertical-align:-0.35em;\"\/><span class=\"minner\"><span class=\"mopen delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">[<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mtable\"><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">s<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">ma<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.01968em;\">ll<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mspace\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">bi<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.03588em;\">g<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mspace\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"\/><span class=\"mrel\">\u2192<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"\/><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height:1.2em;vertical-align:-0.35em;\"\/><span class=\"minner\"><span class=\"mopen delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">[<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mtable\"><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">s<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">ma<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.01968em;\">ll<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">3<\/span><span class=\"mspace\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">bi<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.03588em;\">g<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mspace\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"\/><span class=\"mrel\">\u2192<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"\/><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height:1.2em;vertical-align:-0.35em;\"\/><span class=\"minner\"><span class=\"mopen delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">[<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mtable\"><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">s<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">ma<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.01968em;\">ll<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mspace\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">bi<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.03588em;\">g<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">3<\/span><span class=\"mspace\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"\/><span class=\"mrel\">\u2192<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"\/><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height:1.2em;vertical-align:-0.35em;\"\/><span class=\"minner\"><span class=\"mopen delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">[<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mtable\"><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">s<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">ma<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.01968em;\">ll<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">3<\/span><span class=\"mspace\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">bi<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.03588em;\">g<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"\/><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.85em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.01em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">3<\/span><span class=\"mspace\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.35em;\"><span\/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"\/><span class=\"mrel\">\u2192<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"\/><\/span><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height:0.1056em;\"\/><span class=\"mord\">&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u067e\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>TLA+ \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 TLC \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>true<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>TypeOK == \/\\ small \\in 0..3\n          \/\\ big   \\in 0..5\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>small<\/code> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>[0:3]<\/code> \u0648\u062a <code>big<\/code> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>[0:5]<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <strong>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647<\/strong> <code>Init == small = 0 \/\\ big = 0<\/code>  \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<br \/>\u062f\u0631 <strong>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc<\/strong> \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>F_1 or F_2 or ... or F_n<\/code>\u060c \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 <code>F_i<\/code> \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0627 3 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>Next == \\\/ FillSmall  \\* fill the small jug\n        \\\/ FillBig    \\* fill the big jug\n        \\\/ EmptySmall \\* empty the small jug\n        \\\/ EmptyBig   \\* empty the big jug\n        \\\/ SmallToBig \\* pour water from small jug in the big jug\n        \\\/ BigToSmall \\* pour water from the big jug in the small jug\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0641 (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f <code>FillSmall<\/code>\u060c \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647) \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u0648\u062f (\u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 <code>Next<\/code>).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>FillSmall == \/\\ small' = 3\n             \/\\ big' = big\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>FillSmall<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 <code>FillSmall == small' = 3<\/code> \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f (<code>big<\/code>). \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>true<\/code> \u0627\u06af\u0631 <code>small'<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>3<\/code> \u0648\u062a <code>big'<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0631 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u062a \u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u060c \u06a9\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0646\u06af\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>SmallToBig<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>SmallToBig == \/\\ IF big + small &lt;= 5\n                  THEN \/* There is room -&gt; empty small.\n                  ELSE \/* There is no room -&gt; fill big.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>SmallToBig == \/\\ IF big + small &lt;= 5\n                  THEN \/\\ big' = big + small\n                       \/\\ small' = 0\n                  ELSE \/\\ big' = 5\n                       \/\\ small' = small - (5 - big)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"highlight js-code-highlight\">\n<pre class=\"highlight plaintext\"><code>------------------------------ MODULE DieHard ------------------------------\nEXTENDS Integers\n\nVARIABLES small, big\n\nTypeOK == \/\\ small \\in 0..3\n          \/\\ big \\in 0..5\n\nInit == \/\\ big = 0\n        \/\\ small = 0\n\nFillSmall == \/\\ small' = 3\n             \/\\ big' = big\n\nFillBig == \/\\ big' = 5\n           \/\\ small' = small\n\nEmptySmall == \/\\ small' = 0\n              \/\\ big' = big\n\nEmptyBig == \/\\ big' = 0\n            \/\\ small' = small\n\nSmallToBig == IF big + small =&lt; 5\n                THEN \/\\ big' = big + small\n                     \/\\ small' = 0\n                ELSE \/\\ big' = 5\n                     \/\\ small' = small - (5 - big)\n\nBigToSmall == IF big + small =&lt; 3\n               THEN \/\\ big' = 0\n                    \/\\ small' = big + small\n               ELSE \/\\ big' = big - (3 - small)\n                    \/\\ small' = 3\n\nNext == \\\/ FillSmall\n        \\\/ FillBig\n        \\\/ EmptySmall\n        \\\/ EmptyBig\n        \\\/ SmallToBig\n        \\\/ BigToSmall\n\n=============================================================================\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"highlight__panel js-actions-panel\">\n<div class=\"highlight__panel-action js-fullscreen-code-action\">\n    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-on\"><title>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M16 3h6v6h-2V5h-4V3zM2 3h6v2H4v4H2V3zm18 16v-4h2v6h-6v-2h4zM4 19h4v2H2v-6h2v4z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<p>    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" class=\"highlight-action crayons-icon highlight-action--fullscreen-off\"><title>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f<\/title>\n    <path d=\"M18 7h4v2h-6V3h2v4zM8 9H2V7h4V3h2v6zm10 8v4h-2v-6h6v2h-4zM8 15v6H6v-4H2v-2h6z\"\/>\n<\/svg><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u060c \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>true<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645 <code>TypeOK<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc <code>small<\/code> \u0648\u062a <code>big<\/code>\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u060c \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>small<\/code> \u0648\u062a <code>big<\/code> \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062d\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <em>\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0628<\/em> \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0631\u06cc\u062e\u062a\u0646 <code>big<\/code> \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 4 \u06af\u0627\u0644\u0646 \u0622\u0628. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>big \/= 4<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2F1tkjtm8p1uzw13n5cbue.png\" alt=\"Bigneg 4 \u0631\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"301\" height=\"148\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>true<\/code> \u062f\u0631 <strong>\u0647\u0631<\/strong> \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a (\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a) \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>big = 4<\/code>\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 <code>\/=<\/code> \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>neq<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u060c \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f (\u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a) \u0648 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media2.dev.to\/dynamic\/image\/width=800%2Cheight=%2Cfit=scale-down%2Cgravity=auto%2Cformat=auto\/https%3A%2F%2Fdev-to-uploads.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fuploads%2Farticles%2Fbcghqmn5jmr2j6f3aj4e.png\" alt=\"\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"619\" height=\"709\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0642\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9\"><\/span>\n<p>  \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0633\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a. \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc tla +<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc LTL \u0648 CTL \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n<li>OpenComrtos<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0633\u062a. \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc RTO \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647. \u0698\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647 2011. 10\u060c1007\/978-1-4419-9736-4. ISBN: 978-1-4419-9735-7<\/li>\n<li>Chris Newcombe \u060c Tim Rath \u060c Fan Zhang \u060c Bogdan Munteanu \u060c Marc Brooker \u0648 Michael Deardeuff.How Services Web Amazon \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. 2015 \u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a ACM<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0633\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a. \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647. 1978. \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0686\u0648\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc Concpectus \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 &#8220;\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 TLA+&#8221; \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0637\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":97714,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[339],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-97712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dev"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97712","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97712"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97712\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/97714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97712"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=97712"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nabfollower.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97712"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}