راهنمای نهایی برنامه نویسی شی گرا در پایتون

class ClassName:
    statement1
        .
        .
    statementN

class Car:
    pass

object_name = ClassName()

audi = Car()

# creating a class Car
class Car:
    pass
# instantiating the Car class
car1 = Car()
car2 = Car()
# creating attributes for instances car1 and car2
car1.name = "Audi A7"
car2.name = "Nissan Demio"
car1.year_made = "2000"
car2.year_made = "1994"
# printing the output
print(car1.name, "was built in", car1.year_made)
print(car2.name, "was built in", car2.year_made)

# creating a class Car
class Car:
    # initializing method(one of the special methods)
    # called everytime an instance is created
    # takes self always
    def __init__(self, name, year_made):
        self.name = name
        self.year_made = year_made
    # normal method to return the car info   
    def carInformation(self):
        return self.name + " was built in " + self.year_made

#instantiating class objects 
car1 = Car("Audi A7", "2000")
car2 = Car("Nissan Demio", "1994")
# calling the carInformation() method
print(car1.carInformation())
print(car2.carInformation())

def __init__(self, name, year_made):
    self.name = name
    self.year_made = year_made

# creating a class Car
class Car:
    def __init__(self, name, year_made):
        self.name = name
        self.year_made = year_made
    #the __str__ function for display pretty output 
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name
# instantiating an object
car1 = Car("Range Rover", "2019")
# calling the whole object
print(car1)

# creating a class Car
class Car:
    def __init__(self, name, year_made):
        self.name = name
        self.year_made = year_made
    #the __repr__ function for display pretty output 
    def __repr__(self):
        return self.name
# instantiating an object
car1 = Car("Range Rover", "2019")
# calling the whole object
print(car1)

# creating a class Car
class Car:
    # creating the class variable after class definition
    maximum_speed = "210 km/hr"
    # initializing method(one of the special methods)
    # called everytime an instance is created
    # takes self always
    def __init__(self, name, year_made):
        self.name = name
        self.year_made = year_made
    # normal method to return the car info   
    def carInformation(self):
        return self.name + " was built in " + self.year_made

#instantiating class objects 
car1 = Car("Audi A7", "2000")
# calling the carInformation() method
print(car1.carInformation())
# accessing class and instance variable using the object
print(car1.name, "has maximum speed of", car1.maximum_speed)

# creating the class
class Car:
    # initializing method
    def __init__(self, name, year_made):
        # 2 instance variables name and year_made
        self.name = name
        self.year_made = year_made
#instantiating the class object   
car1 = Car("Audi A7", "2000")
# car1.name and car1.year_made accesses instance variables
print("Car name:", car1.name)
print("Year made:", car1.year_made)

class ParentClass:
    statement(s)

class ChildClass(ParentClass):
    statement(s)

class ParentClass:
    statement(s)

class AnotherParentClass:
    statement(s)

class ChildClass(ParentClass, AnotherParentClass):
    statement(s)

class Car:
    # creating class variables
    maximum_speed = "210 km/hr"
    number_of_tyres = 4
    # the dunder init method/initializer
    def __init__(self, name, year_made):
        self.name = name
        self.year_made = year_made

# class Minibus inheriting from class Car
class Minibus(Car):
    # __init__ method of class Minibus
    def __init__(self, name, year_made, price):
        self.name = name
        self.year_made = year_made
        self.price = price
    # method to return price
    def carPrice(self):
        return self.price
# instantiating the object for class Minibus
minbus1 = Minibus("Vanetti", "2013", "MWK4500000")
# printing data
print("Name:", minbus1.name)#name for Minibus class
print("Year made:", minbus1.year_made)#year for Minibus class
print("Maximum speeed:", minbus1.maximum_speed)#max_speed inherited from Car
print("Number of tyres:", minbus1.number_of_tyres)#number_of_tyres inherited from Car
print("Price:", minbus1.carPrice())#calling the carPrice() method in Minibus

def __init__(self, name, year_made):
    self.__year_made = year_made#this attribute is private

# creating our class Car
class Car:
    # initializing attribute name via __init__
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.__name = name#this is a private attribute

#instantiating an object   
car1 = Car("BMW")
# printing the private attribute
print(car1.name)

def __init__(self, name, year_made):
    self._name = name#this attribute is protected

# creating our class Car
class Car:
    # initializing attribute name via __init__
    def __init__(self, name):
        self._name = name#this is a protected attribute

#instantiating an object   
car1 = Car("BMW")
# printing the protected attribute
print(car1._name)

# creating class Square
class Square:
    # initializer
    def __init__(self, side):
        self.side = side 
    # common method
    def calculate_area(self):
        return self.side * self.side
# creating class Triangle
class Triangle:
    # initializer
    def __init__(self, base, height):
        self.base = base
        self.height = height
    # common method
    def calculate_area(self):
        return 0.5 * self.base * self.height
# instantiating class objects
sq = Square(6)
tri = Triangle(2, 7)
# printing results
print("Area of square: ", sq.calculate_area())
print("Area of triangle: ", tri.calculate_area())